According to abbreviationfinder, Addis Ababa is the most populated city and capital of Ethiopia in Amharic Ädisə Äbäba means “New Flower” its name is also written as Addis Ababa or Addis Abbaba.
The city is also the capital of the African Union and the United Nations Commission for Africa and has a population of 3,384,569 residents, according to the 2008 census. The Ethiopian territorial organization, in Addis Ababa coexist more than 80 nationalities and languages, in addition to Christians, Muslims and Jews.
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
It is bordered to the north by Eritrea, to the south by Kenya and Somalia, to the east by Djibouti and Somalia, and to the west by Sudan. It has a mountainous relief, divided into four regions: the north dominated by the Ethiopian massif that reaches an altitude of 4620 meters in Mount Dashan, the center of the country with the Rift Valley depression, where the Chamo and Abaya lakes are located. and Zwai as well as the Awash River; the Dancalia plain, which in its lowest part reaches 116 meters below sea level, and the Ogaden region, in the southeast, formed by semi-desert plateaus. It has a warm and humid climate, with temperatures ranging from 13ºC to 30ºC.
History
The city was founded in 1887 by Menelik II, king of the Shewa or Shoa region and the place where it is located was chosen by Empress Taytu Betul.
Long before the city was established there were already small colonies of natives residing in the area. Apparently the empress chose this place due to the existence of hot springs, where a kind of spa was established, where the nobles of the court enjoyed relaxing baths.
Two years after its founding, Addis Ababa became the capital of Ethiopia.
In 1936 the invasion of the country by Italy that came to occupy it and turn Addis Ababa into the capital of the so-called Italian East Africa while the Ethiopian army resisted with the military leaders in Gondar, the traditional capital of the country.
In this unjust and cruel war, the Italian troops killed more than a million Ethiopians by spraying them with mustard gas and thus obtained victory over the Ethiopian troops.
In 1941, during the East African campaign, the Ethiopian army received the support of the British army, which joined it and together they managed to expel the Italians from their territory. After the war, Emperor Haile Selassie returned to the city and restoration work began immediately.
Due to the discovery of various humanoid remains such as Australopithecus, Ethiopia has been considered the cradle of humanity.
Geography
The city is located between the coordinates: 9 ° 1′48 ″ N 38 ° 44′24 ″ E, in the very center of the country at the foot of Mount Entoto, on a plateau between 2,300 and 2,600 meters above sea level. from the sea, which makes it the highest capital in Africa and the fourth in the world. Its height varies from 2,326 meters at the lowest point, where the airport is located, to more than 3,000 meters in the Entoto Mountains in the north, where the poorest neighborhoods are concentrated. The area is bordered by a grassland meadow.
Climate
The city’s climate is a mix between the subtropical highland climate and the mountain climate. Due to the difference in altitude and the influence of the wind, it presents a temperature difference of close to 10 ° C between its different areas. However high throughout the year.
Population
22.9% of the total population of Ethiopia resides in the city and according to the 2007 census Addis Ababa has a population of 2,738,248 residents and all the country’s ethnic groups are present in it. This ethnic mix offers a great cultural diversity that makes the city a very attractive place without major conflicts between them and minorities. 74.6% of the population declare themselves Eastern Orthodox, 16.2% Muslim, 7.8% Protestant, 0.5% Catholic and the remaining 0.8% are followers of other religions, among which we can mention minorities of Hindus, Jews, agnostics, among others. See population of Ethiopia.
Economy
The city is the economic and financial center of the country and has experienced rapid growth due to the huge number of immigrants it receives, mainly from the south after the end of the War between Ethiopia and Eritrea. The economic core of the city is called Merkato, which is reputed to be the largest market in all of Africa. Livestock is the main economic activity in the city. The city is home to the National Bank of Ethiopia. And from Ethiopian Airlines, the so-called busiest airline in Africa.
Culture
The city is home to the National Library of Ethiopia, the Ethnological Museum of Ethiopia (former palace), the Addis Ababa Museum, the Ethiopian Natural History Museum, the Ethiopian Railway Museum and the National Postal Museum.
Other notable architectural works include St George’s Cathedral (founded in 1896), the Holy Trinity Cathedral (formerly the largest Orthodox cathedral in Ethiopia and the location of the tomb of Sylvia Pankhurst), as well as the burial site of Emperor Haile. Selassie and the imperial family and those who fought against the Italians during the war.
In the city are also located the imperial palace of Menelik, which is still the official seat of government, and the National Museum, formerly known as the Jubilee Palace (of Emperor Haile Selassie, dating from 1955) which is the residence of the President of Ethiopia.
In Addis Ababa we can also find the Fikir Hager Theater, considered the oldest in Ethiopia and the famous Africa Hall (where the United Nations and the Economic Commission for Africa have their headquarters as well as most of the United Nations offices in Ethiopia. and It is also the site of the founding of the Organization of African Unity (OAU), which eventually became the African Union). Also located in this city are the Holy Trinity Cathedral, the Parliament building (built during the reign of Emperor Haile Selassie), the Shengo Hall (built by Mengistu Haile Mariam), the Shengo Hall, the impressive Anwar Mosque (the largest mosque in Ethiopia), Rachel Church, Holy Family Roman Catholic Cathedral, Cathedral (second largest temple in Africa). Among other Works.
In the National Museum of Ethiopia located in Addis Ababa, the fossilized skeleton is preserved, and a plaster replica of Lucy’s first hominids (known in Ethiopia as Dinkinesh).
Education
The city is home to the University of Addis Ababa, which has six of its seven campuses located in Addis Ababa, with the other located in Debre Zeyit. In addition to the university and public schools, the city also has several universities and private centers and has the headquarters of the International Livestock Research Institute.
