Baby Belize

Belize is located on the northeastern coast of Central America, bordered by Mexico to the north, Guatemala to the west and south, and the Caribbean Sea to the east. Its strategic position between North and South America has influenced its history, culture, and biodiversity.

Geography

Climate

Belize has a tropical climate, with two distinct seasons: the wet season, which runs from June to November, and the dry season, which lasts from December to May. Temperatures remain relatively consistent throughout the year, with average highs ranging from 24°C to 31°C (75°F to 88°F).

Fauna

Belize is home to a rich variety of flora and fauna, including jaguars, tapirs, howler monkeys, and over 500 species of birds. The country’s diverse ecosystems, including rainforests, savannas, and coral reefs, provide habitats for an abundance of wildlife.

Longest Rivers

The longest river in Belize is the Belize River, which flows for approximately 290 kilometers (180 miles) through the central and southern regions of the country. Other major rivers include the Sibun River, the Macal River, and the New River.

Highest Mountains

Belize’s landscape is relatively low-lying, with its highest point being Victoria Peak, which reaches an elevation of 1,160 meters (3,810 feet) above sea level. While not towering by global standards, Victoria Peak offers breathtaking views of the surrounding rainforest.

History

Prehistory

Belize has a rich archaeological heritage, with evidence of human occupation dating back over 10,000 years. The region was inhabited by various indigenous groups, including the Maya, who established sophisticated civilizations and left behind impressive ruins such as Caracol, Xunantunich, and Altun Ha.

Colonial Period

Belize was originally colonized by the Spanish in the 16th century, but it was later settled by British pirates and loggers who established a presence in the area. In 1862, Belize became a British Crown colony known as British Honduras, a status it retained until gaining independence in 1981.

Independence and Modern Age

Belize achieved independence from Britain on September 21, 1981, becoming a sovereign nation within the Commonwealth. Since independence, Belize has developed into a stable democracy with a parliamentary system of government. The country has focused on promoting sustainable development, preserving its natural resources, and promoting eco-tourism.

Demographics

Belize has a diverse population of approximately 419,000 people, consisting of various ethnic groups, including Creoles, Mestizos, Maya, Garifuna, and Mennonites. English is the official language, but Spanish, Creole, and indigenous languages such as Maya and Garifuna are also widely spoken. The majority of Belizeans are Christian, with Roman Catholicism being the dominant religion.

Administrative Divisions

Belize is divided into six districts, each with its own local government authority:

Administrative Divisions and Population (2022 estimate)

  1. Belize District – Population: 109,000
  2. Cayo District – Population: 90,000
  3. Orange Walk District – Population: 59,000
  4. Stann Creek District – Population: 35,000
  5. Toledo District – Population: 33,000
  6. Corozal District – Population: 40,000

10 Largest Cities by Population

  1. Belize City
  2. San Ignacio
  3. Belmopan
  4. Orange Walk Town
  5. San Pedro Town
  6. Corozal Town
  7. Dangriga
  8. Punta Gorda
  9. Benque Viejo del Carmen
  10. San Ignacio

Education Systems

Education in Belize is free and compulsory for children between the ages of 5 and 14. The government operates a system of public schools, supplemented by private and parochial schools. Belize has made significant strides in expanding access to education, with a focus on improving literacy rates and educational outcomes. The country is also home to several institutions of higher education, including the University of Belize.

Transportation

Airports

Belize has several airports, with the Philip S. W. Goldson International Airport serving as the country’s main gateway. Other major airports include the Belize City Municipal Airport, the San Pedro Airport, and the Placencia Airport.

Highways

Belize has a network of highways and roads connecting major cities and towns across the country. The George Price Highway and the Philip Goldson Highway are two of the main arterial roads, providing access to key destinations such as Belmopan, Orange Walk, and Corozal.

Ports

Belize has several ports along its coastline, including the Port of Belize City, the Big Creek Port in Stann Creek District, and the Port of Puerto Barrios in neighboring Guatemala. These ports serve as important hubs for maritime trade and shipping in the region.

Country Facts

  • Population: 419,000
  • Capital: Belmopan
  • Language: English, Spanish, Creole
  • Religion: Christianity (Roman Catholicism, Protestantism)
  • Race: Creole, Mestizo, Maya, Garifuna, others
  • Currency: Belize Dollar (BZD)
  • ISO Country Code: BZ
  • International Calling Code: +501
  • Top-level Domain: .bz